Getting Started in Research

class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide

# Getting Started in Research
## EDP 612 Week 4
### Dr. Abhik Roy

---

section p {
    margin: auto;
}

section {
    height: 600px;
    width: 60%;
    margin: auto;
    border-radius: 21px;
    background-color: #212121;
}

section p {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 30px;
    background-color: #212121;
    border-radius: 21px;
    font-family: Roboto Condensed;
    font-style: bold;
    padding: 12px;
    color: #bff4ee;
}

#center {

text-align: center;

}

.center p {
  margin: 0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.center2 {
  margin: 0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.tab {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-left: 40px;
}
</style>

<div>
<style type="text/css">.xaringan-extra-logo {
width: 110px;
height: 128px;
z-index: 0;
background-image: url(/Users/skynet/Documents/WVU/Teaching/GitHub.nosync/edp612/static/img/course_hex.png);
background-size: contain;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
position: absolute;
top:1em;right:1em;
}
</style>
<script>(function () {
  let tries = 0
  function addLogo () {
    if (typeof slideshow === 'undefined') {
      tries += 1
      if (tries < 10) {
        setTimeout(addLogo, 100)
      }
    } else {
      document.querySelectorAll('.remark-slide-content:not(.title-slide):not(.inverse):not(.hide_logo)')
        .forEach(function (slide) {
          const logo = document.createElement('a')
          logo.classList = 'xaringan-extra-logo'
          logo.href = 'https://edp612.asocialdatascientist.com'
          slide.appendChild(logo)
        })
    }
  }
  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', addLogo)
})()</script>
</div>

---

class: highlight-last-item
layout: true

---

#  Plan for the Day

+ Ethics Wrap Up

+ Review remaining Ethics Slides

+ Facebook Article Discussion

+ Literature Matrix Group Discussion

+ Getting Started in Research

+ Preliminary Ideas Roundtable

---
#  Re: Ethics

---
#  Facebook Article

---
#  Literature Matrix Group Discussion

+ In Groups, review your literature matrix.

+ Compare/Contrast notes on articles

+ Differences in organization?

+ Use for your own Lit Review

---

#  Getting started designing a research project

---

#  Your own Ideas

+ Take a few minutes and consider your own ideas for a research study as we go through the next set of slides:

+ Select a topic to study (maybe what you’re going to do your lit review on)
	
--

+ Which broad approach do you plan to use (Qualitative, Quantitative)
	
--

+ Research Purpose Statement

+ 2-3 Research Questions or Hypotheses
	
--

+ Indented Measures
	
--

+ Sampling Method

+ Prepare to share your initial ideas at the end of class!
<center>
<img src="img/cari1.png" alt="my caption" style="width: 150px;"/>
<center>

---

#  Selecting a Research Topic

Where to get ideas?

+ Literature
+ Personal interests
+ Observations
+ Previous research experience

+ Narrow your topic
  + Undergraduate research
  + Mentor-Mentee Relationships in UR
  + Disciplinary knowledge transfer between mentors and mentees in UR
	
--

+ Additional Considerations:
  + Researchable?
	+ Significance, Value, Worth?
	+ Has it been done before?

---

#  Lit Review

+ Goal is to both review research in topic area AND to make it clear why your research questions can add to the field.
--

+ Include seminal studies (landmark studies)

+ Synthesize existing literature, do not summarize!

---
#  Research Purpose, Questions, and Hypotheses

Research Purpose Statement
+ Purpose and objectives of the study.

+ May vary based on approach used (Qual verses Quant)
  
--

Hypotheses & Research Questions

+ Hypothesis: predictive relationships between variables (quant)

+ Research Questions: guiding questions of the study
	
--

+ Quant research – can have both hypotheses and RQs but not always
		
--

+ Qual – Research questions may be more inductive or open ended.

---
#  Measurement & Variables

+ Categorical Variables
	+ Variables that are able to be sorted into meaningful groups
	+ Student year in school, Race, Binaries (Yes, No; enrolled, not enrolled)
		
--

+ Continuous Variables
  + Rely on progress and preserve meaningful distance between variables
	+ Age, Income, time spent in condition

+ Independent Variables
	+ Influences or impacts other variables
		
--

+ Dependent Variable
	+ Affected or influenced by other variables
	+ “depends” on other variables
		
---

# Also...

+ Extraneous Variables
	+ May impact data and aren’t controlled for in the study
	+ Covariates

+ May impact the study, so you control for these in your study!

---

#  Sampling

+ Things to consider:
	+ Who is your population?
	+ Who is the broad group you are interested in that you’re pulling your sample from?
	
--

+ Population: Undergraduate mentors and mentees at R1 institutions.

+ Sample: 10 mentor-mentee pairs at R1 university on the mid-East coast.
  + Consider how many participants you might need:
  + Sample size calculators (quantitative research)
  + Reaching saturation (qualitative research)
[calculators](https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm)

---
#  Sampling

- *Probability Sampling*: Participant selection based on strategy such that population has a known and nonzero chance of being selected. Typically used in quant research. Useful if you are hoping to generalize your findings.

- *Purposeful Sampling*: Selecting participants who are the best candidates for the study. Typically used in qualitative research!

.pull-left[
<center>
<img src="img/cari5.png" alt="my caption" style="width: 450px;"/>
<center>
]

.pull-right[
<center>
<img src="img/cari4.png" alt="my caption" style="width: 450px;"/>
<center>
]

---

# Your own Ideas

+ Take a few minutes and consider your own ideas for a research study:
	
--

+ Select a topic to study (maybe what you’re going to do your lit review on)
	
--

+ Which broad approach do you plan to use (Qualitative, Quantitative)
	
--

+ Research Purpose Statement
	
--

+ 2-3 Research Questions or Hypotheses
	
--

+ Indented Measures & Variables
	
--

+ Sampling Method

---
#  Roundtable

+ Talk us through your ideas so far!

+ Study purpose, Hypotheses/Research Questions,  Approach (qual or quant), Variables and measures of interest, Sampling

+ Ask each other (and us) questions!

---
#  For Next Week:

+ Topic: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

+ Due: L1 - Selecting a Topic and Annotated Bib 
		+ (Similar to what we did in class today!)
		+ Select a topic and describe it in 500 (+/- 50) words
		+ Include an Appendix of the Annotated Bibliography
			+ 5 articles in bibliography
		+ Follow formatting guidelines (APA 7)
		
--

+ Read:
		+ Leavy Chapter 4, p. 87-93.
		+ Shadish , Cook, & Campbell, Chapter 1
		
---

# Calendar of Tasks

<center>
<table class="table" style="width: auto !important; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th style="text-align:center;">  </th>
   <th style="text-align:left;">  </th>
   <th style="text-align:left;">  </th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
<tbody>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L0: Lit Review Process </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 3 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L1 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L1: Topic Selection &amp; Annotated Bib </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 5 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L2 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L2: Annotated Bibliography </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 7 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L3 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L3: Lit Review First Draft </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 9 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L4 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L4:  Lit Review Second Draft </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 11 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L5 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L5: Lit Review Third Draft </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 13 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:center;width: 5em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L6 </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 20em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> L6: Lit Review Final Version! </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;width: 10em; color: #ffffff !important;vertical-align: middle !important;"> Week 15 <sup>1</sup> </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</center>

<a style="font-size:14px;"><sup>1</sup>This is the week of final exams.</a>

---

#  That’s it!

Any questions?